Upgrade to MariaDB Community Server 10.5 on CentOS 7

 https://mariadb.com/docs/operations/upgrades/upgrade-community-server-cs10-5-centos7/

Upgrade to MariaDB Community Server 10.5 on CentOS 7

Topics on this page:

• Overview

• Data Backup

• Uninstall the Old Version

  • Stop the MariaDB Server Process

  • Uninstall via YUM (RHEL/CentOS)

• Install the New Version

  • Install via YUM (RHEL/CentOS)

• Configuration

• Starting the Server

• Upgrading the Data Directory

• Testing

Overview

These instructions detail the upgrade from a previous version of MariaDB Community Server to MariaDB Community Server 10.5 on CentOS Linux 7.

When MariaDB Community Server is upgraded, the old version needs to be uninstalled, and the new version needs to be installed.

Data Backup

Occasionally, issues can be encountered during upgrades. These issues can even potentially corrupt the database's data files, preventing you from easily reverting to the old installation. Therefore, it is generally best to perform a backup prior to upgrading. If an issue is encountered during the upgrade, you can use the backup to restore your MariaDB Server database to the old version. If the upgrade finishes without issue, then the backup can be deleted.

The instructions below show how to perform a backup using MariaDB Backup. For more information about backing up and restoring the database, please see the Recovery Guide.

1. Take a full backup:

   $ sudo mariadb-backup --backup \
         --user=mariabackup_user \
         --password=mariabackup_passwd \
         --target-dir=/data/backup/preupgrade_backup
   

   Confirm successful completion of the backup operation.

2. The backup must be prepared:

   $ sudo mariadb-backup --prepare \
         --target-dir=/data/backup/preupgrade_backup
   

   Confirm successful completion of the prepare operation.

3. Backups should be tested before they are trusted.

Uninstall the Old Version

When upgrading to a new major release of MariaDB Community Server, it is necessary to remove the existing installation of MariaDB Community Server, before installing the new version of MariaDB Community Server. Otherwise, the package manager will refuse to install the new version of MariaDB Community Server.

Stop the MariaDB Server Process

Before the old version can be uninstalled, we first need to stop the current MariaDB Server process.

1. Set the innodb_fast_shutdown system variable to 1:

   SET GLOBAL innodb_fast_shutdown = 1;
   

2. Use XA RECOVER to confirm that there are no external XA transactions in a prepared state:

   XA RECOVER;
   

   Commit or rollback any open XA transactions before stopping the node for upgrade.

3. Stop the server process using the systemctl command:

   $ sudo systemctl stop mariadb
   

Uninstall via YUM (RHEL/CentOS)

1. Uninstall all of the MariaDB Community Server packages. Note that a wildcard character is used to ensure that all MariaDB Community Server packages are uninstalled:

   $ sudo yum remove "MariaDB-*"
   

   Be sure to check that this wildcard does not unintentionally refer to any of your custom applications:

2. Uninstall the Galera package as well.

   The name of the package depends on the specific version of MariaDB Community Server.

   When upgrading from MariaDB Community Server 10.4 or later, the package is called galera-4:

   $ sudo yum remove galera-4
   

   When upgrading from MariaDB Community Server 10.3 or earlier, the package is called galera:

   $ sudo yum remove galera
   

3. Before proceeding, verify that all MariaDB Community Server packages are uninstalled. The following command should not return any results:

   $ rpm --query --all | grep -i -E "mariadb|galera"
   

Install the New Version

MariaDB Corporation provides a YUM package repository for CentOS Linux 7.

Install via YUM (RHEL/CentOS)

1. Configure the YUM package repository.

   To configure YUM package repositories:

   $ sudo yum install wget
   
   $ wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb_repo_setup
   
   $ echo "c330d2755e18e48c3bba300a2898b0fc8ad2d3326d50b64e02fe65c67b454599 mariadb_repo_setup" \
       | sha256sum -c -
   
   $ chmod +x mariadb_repo_setup
   
   $ sudo ./mariadb_repo_setup \
      --mariadb-server-version="mariadb-10.5"
   

2. Install MariaDB Community Server and package dependencies:

   $ sudo yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-backup
   

   Installation of additional packages may be required for some plugins.

3. Configure MariaDB.

   Installation only loads MariaDB Community Server to the system. MariaDB Community Server requires configuration before the database server is ready for use.

Configuration

For platforms that use YUM or ZYpp as a package manager:

MariaDB Community Server's packages bundle several configuration files:

• /etc/my.cnf

• /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

• /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

• /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf

If your version of any of these configuration files contained any custom edits, then the package manager may save your edited version with the .rpmsave extension during the upgrade process. If you want to continue using your version with the custom edits, then you may need to move it back. For example, to move server.cnf back in place:

$ sudo mv /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf.original
$ sudo mv /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf.rpmsave /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf

Starting the Server

MariaDB Community Server includes configuration to start, stop, restart, enable/disable on boot, and check the status of the Server using the operating system default process management system.

CentOS Linux 7 uses systemd. You can manage the Server process using the systemctl command:

Operation	Command
Start	sudo systemctl start mariadb
Stop	sudo systemctl stop mariadb
Restart	sudo systemctl restart mariadb
Enable during startup	sudo systemctl enable mariadb
Disable during startup	sudo systemctl disable mariadb
Status	sudo systemctl status mariadb

Upgrading the Data Directory

MariaDB Community Server 10.5 ships with the mariadb-upgrade utility which can be used to identify and correct compatibility issues in the new version. After you upgrade your Server and start the server process, run this utility to upgrade the data directory:

$ sudo mariadb-upgrade

Testing

When MariaDB Community Server is up and running on your system, you should test that it is working and there weren't any issues during startup.

1. Connect to the server using MariaDB Client using the root@localhost user account:

   $ sudo mariadb
   Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MariaDB connection id is 9
   Server version: 10.5.13-MariaDB MariaDB Server
   
   Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
   
   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
   
   MariaDB [(none)]>
   

   The version of the server can be verified by checking the client's initial output.

2. You can also verify the server version by checking the value of the version system variable with the SHOW GLOBAL STATUS statement:

   SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'version';
   

   +---------------+-----------------+
   | Variable_name | Value           |
   +---------------+-----------------+
   | version       | 10.5.13-MariaDB |
   +---------------+-----------------+
   

3. You can also verify the server version by calling the VERSION() function:

   SELECT VERSION();
   

   +-----------------+
   | VERSION()       |
   +-----------------+
   | 10.5.13-MariaDB |
   +-----------------+